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Publication

Improved stem cell retention and mechanical stability in a chitosan-gelatin hydrogel

Tormos, Christian Jose
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Abstract

Due to the heart's poor regenerative ability, new treatments need to be developed in order to repair damaged cardiac tissue after cardiac arrest. A common approach is to deliver adult stem cells combined with injectable hydrogels using minimally invasive surgery to the affected area. However, these studies have shown significant attrition of injected cells, attributed to hydrogel instability, nutrient and oxygen deficiency, and poor mechanical strength of the hydrogel. In addition, the injectable hydrogel must be able to support stem cell differentiation and long term survival of stem cells. An injectable chitosan-gelatin hydrogel has been developed to combat these challenges. To increase stability, gelatin was crosslinked with transglutaminase, an enzyme commonly used as meat glue in the food industry. To address the nutrient and oxygen deficiency, growth medium (nutrient source during in vitro culture) and oxygen releasing molecules have been added to the hydrogel. The mechanical strength of the hydrogel was manipulated to match cardiac tissue by varying the concentrations of the different polymers present in the hydrogel. This injectable hydrogel was seeded with human adipocyte stem cells and evaluated for viability of these cells. This hydrogel was able to retain cells inside the hydrogel without killing a significant population of the embedded cells for 21 days. Differentiation of human adipocyte stem cells did not occur for cells embedded in the hydrogel. Chemical stimulants and mechanical properties were not enough to induce differentiation. However, if this hydrogel were to be used for in vivo studies, the cardiac tissue mechanical and electrical cues may induce differentiation.

Date
2016-07